Houses, flags & empires

Power leaves a trace.

Follow dynasties, read dated symbols and explore the conditions behind military action. Take the next step whenever you feel ready.

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Tudors, Bourbons and Ottomans

Houses & authority

Separate a dynasty, an office and the people who make government work.

Persia, Rome and the Ottoman world

Older empires

Follow administration, changing political systems and a city remade after conquest.

Dated designs and surviving objects

Flags, arms & badges

Learn what a badge, royal shield, tughra and naval flag can tell you.

Communication, battle and fortification

Tactics & their conditions

Trace Cannae, then compare the different problems of communication and siege engineering.

Follow the people and objects.

Compare dated cases and step through the Cannae diagram.